财务分析需要处理大量数据，一个挑战是很多数据是估算或预测的。为了克服这种问题，应该做如下哪个选择？

下列哪项是沉没成本？

9. _______被定义为从开发阶段开始到产品发布的周期时间？

D. A wide range of products;

采用防御型或者利基战略的公司有

NPD Best Practices suggest that multi-functional teams are responsible for:
A.Market Launch.
B.Advertising campaigns
C.Development Stage.
D.Prototype Gate.
NPD最佳实践建议跨职能团队负责

二十一世纪第一个十年的中期，一种水晶饮料因外观透明、 健康而在国际上得以短暂销售，但是因其过高的含糖量而失败。该饮料的外观与标签之间的不符令消费者感到不满。一些客户建议在市场上重新销售这种饮料，因此新产品开发经理要求其下属考虑如何修改产品的特性、设计与材料，从而使第二代水晶软饮料能够取得成功。以下哪一选项能最好地描述该经理会使用的创意产生工具？

You are employed as a new product manager by a furniture manufacturer. Your company has been in this market for decades, and in a leading position in office furniture market. The top management requests you to closely monitor any new trends of the competitors, and response with new product launch. Which innovation strategy best describes the company’s approach?
A.Prospector
B.Analyzer

C.Defender

D.Reactor

您被一家家具制造公司聘为新产品经理。您的公司一家在市场上打拼了几十年，并且占据办公家具市场的主导地位。最高管理层要求您密切关注竞争对手的任何新趋势，并通过发布新产品及时做出回应。何种创新战略能最好地描述贵公司的做法？

Jose is part of the executive team in charge of a product line that is in the declining phase of its life cycle. What product line strategy (ies) should Jose recommend for consideration by the executive team?

A. Stripping out features and cutting the product price to promote sales and increase market share

B. Increasing the product quality by adding more features to the product and increasing the product price

C. Invest in developing a replacement product

D. All of the above 

Jose是某执行团队的一员，该团队主管一项正处于产品生命周期衰退阶段的产品线。Jose应该建议执行团队考虑何种产品线战略？

Whose main components are delivery, standards, and output?
A. Opportunity identification.
B. Project briefing.
C. Project completed.
D. Checkpoints.
交付、标准和输出是什么的主要构成部分