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For nearly  ten  years,  the Unified Modeling Language  (UML) has been  the  industry standard  for  visualizing,  specifying,  constructing,  and  documenting  the ()of  a software-intensive system.As the ()standard modeling language, the UML facilitates communication and reduces confusion among project ().The recent standardization of UML 2.0 has  further extended  the  language’s scope and viability. Its  inherent expressiveness allows  users  to()everything  from  enterprise  information  systems  and  distributed Web-based applications to real-time embedded systems.The UML  is not  limited  to modeling software. In fact,  it  is expressive enough  to model ()systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patient healthcare  system,  software  engineering  in  aircraft  combat  systems,  and  the  design  of hardware.To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML’s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how  those  building  blocks may  be  put  together,  and  some  common mechanisms  that  apply throughout the UML.

第 1 问

A. classes

B. components

C. sequences

D. artifacts

第 2 问

A. real

B. legal

C. de facto

D. illegal

第 3 问

A. investors

B. developers

C. designers

D. stakeholders

第 4 问

A. model

B. code

C. test

D. modify

第 5 问

A. non-hardware

B. non-software

C. hardware

D. software

参考答案: D C D A B

详细解析:

近十年来,统一建模语言(UML)已经成为工业标准,它可用来可视化、规范化说明、构建以及文档化软件密集系统中的开发制品。作为事实上的工业标准,UML能够方便项目相关人员的沟通并减少理解上的二义问题。UML 2.0标准扩宽了该语言的应用范围,它所具有的表达能力能够让用户对企业信息系统、分布式Web系统和嵌入式实时系统进行建模。
UML不仅能够对软件系统进行建模,实际上,它具有足够的能力去对法律系统中的工作流、病人监护系统中的结构和行为、飞行战斗系统和硬件系统进行建模。
为了理解UML,需要具备该语言的概念模型,这需要学习三个主要元素:UML的基本构造块,基本构造块的关系规则和应用这些构造块与规则的通用机制。

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