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How to Disagree with Someone more powerful than you.Your boss proposes a new initiative you think won’t work. Your senior colleague outlines a project timeline you think is unrealist.
What do you say when you disagree with someone who has more power than you do? How do you decide whether it's worth speaking up? And if you do, what exactly should you say? Here is how to disagree with someone more powerful than you.
1.(  )
After this risk assessment, You may decide it’s best to hold off on voicing your opinion. Maybe you haven’t finished thinking the problem through the whole discussion was a surprise to you, or you want to get a clearer sense of what the group thinks. If you think other people are going to disagree too, you might want to gather your army first. People can contribute experience or information to your thinking--all the things that would make the disagreement stronger or more valid It' s also a good idea to delay the conversation if you re in a meeting or other public space. Discussing the issue in private will make the powerful person feel less threatened.
2. (  )
Before you share your thoughts, think about what the powerful person cares about—it may be “the credibility of their team of getting a project done on time. You're more likely to be heard if you can connect your disagreement to a higher purpose. When you do speak up, don' t assume the link will be clear You ll want to state it overtly, contextualizing your statements so that you re seen not as a disagreeable underling but as a colleague who' s trying to advance a shared goal. The discussion
will then become more like a chess game than a boxing match,” says Weeks
3. (  )
This step may sound overly deferential, but it's a smart way to give the powerful person psychological safety and control. You can say something like, I know we seem to be moving toward a first-quarter commitment here i have reasons to think that won't work i' d like to way out my reasoning. Would that be ok? This gives the person a choice, allowing them to verbally opt in. And, assuming they say yes it will make you feel more confident about voicing you disagreement.
4.(  )
You might feel your heart racing or your face turning red but do whatever you can to remain neutral in both your words and actions. When your body language communicates reluctance or anxiety,it undercuts the message. It sends a mixed message, and your counterpart gets to choose what to read. Deep breaths can help, as can speaking more slowly and deliberately. When we feel panicky we tend to talk louder and faster. Simply slowing the pace and talking in an even tone helps the other person calm down and does the same or you. It also makes you seem confident, even if you aren’t.
5.(  )
Emphasize that you re offering your opinion, not gospel truth.I may be a well-informed, well-researched opinion, but it's still an opinion, my talk tentatively and slightly understate your confidence instead of saying something like,"If we set an end-of-quarter deadline, we'll never make it," say,This is just my opinion, but don’t see how we will make that deadline. Having asserted your position(as a position, not as a fact)demonstrate equal curiosity about other views remind the person that this is
your point of view and then invite critique. Be open to hearing other opinions.

第 1 问

A. Stay calm

B. Stay humble

C. Don' t make judgments

D. Be realistic about the risks

E. Decide whether to wait

F. Ask permission to disagree

G. Identify a shared goal

第 2 问

A. Stay calm

B. Stay humble

C. Don' t make judgments

D. Be realistic about the risks

E. Decide whether to wait

F. Ask permission to disagree

G. Identify a shared goal

第 3 问

A. Stay calm

B. Stay humble

C. Don' t make judgments

D. Be realistic about the risks

E. Decide whether to wait

F. Ask permission to disagree

G. Identify a shared goal

第 4 问

A. Stay calm

B. Stay humble

C. Don' t make judgments

D. Be realistic about the risks

E. Decide whether to wait

F. Ask permission to disagree

G. Identify a shared goal

第 5 问

A. Stay calm

B. Stay humble

C. Don' t make judgments

D. Be realistic about the risks

E. Decide whether to wait

F. Ask permission to disagree

G. Identify a shared goal

参考答案: E G F A B

详细解析:

【解题思路】该段首句为中心句,提到“暂时不发表你的意见(hold off on voicing your opinion)”,倒数第二句也指出“延迟对话”(delay the conversation),说明该段的主旨是可以选择推迟提出自己的意见。因此E选项“决定是否要等待”正确。

【解题思路】该段首句提到分享观点前需要“想一想那些有权力的人关心什么(think about what the powerful person cares about)”,倒数第二句提到“共同的目标shared goal”,说明该段的主旨是将自己的不同意见和上司关心的更高目标联系起来,找到一个共同的目标。因此G选项“确定一个共同的目标”正确。

【解题思路】该段倒数第二句“这给了对方一个选择,让他们口头上选择加入。(This gives the person a choice, allowing them to verbally opt in.)”将前文建议的内容和结果连接了起来。具体建议的内容举例是“你可以这样说:‘我知道我们现在似乎正在朝着第一季度的承诺前进。我有理由认为这行不通。我想阐述一下我的理由。这样做可以吗?’”,结果部分提到“给人们一个选择(gives the person a choice)”和“他们同意(they say yes)”,说明该段的主旨是向他们寻求提出不同意见的许可。因此F选项“请求允许提出不同意见”正确。

【解题思路】该段第一句提到“心跳加速(heart racing)”和“脸红(face turning red)”,表明了紧张的状态,接着用but表示转折,也就是要克制前文提到的紧张状态,保持中立的言行,说明该段的主旨是保持冷静,不要紧张。因此A选项“保持冷静”正确。

【解题思路】该段最后一句“对他人观点保持开放态度。(Be open to hearing other opinions.)”是中心句,并且倒数第二句提到invite critique(请别人评判)也体现了一种谦虚的态度,说明该段的主旨是对听取他人的意见持开放、谦虚的态度。因此B选项“保持谦虚”正确。

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