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NC51211. 启示录

描述

The number 666 is considered to be the occult “number of the beast” and is a well used number in all major apocalypse themed blockbuster movies. However the number 666 can’t always be used in the script so numbers such as 1666 are used instead. Let us call the numbers containing at least three contiguous sixes beastly numbers. The first few beastly numbers are 666, 1666, 2666, 3666, 4666, 5666…

Given a 1-based index n, your program should return the nth beastly number.

输入描述

The first line contains the number of test cases .
Each of the following T lines contains an integer as a test case.


输出描述

For each test case, your program should output the nth beastly number.

示例1

输入:

3
2
3
187

输出:

1666
2666
66666

原站题解

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C++14(g++5.4) 解法, 执行用时: 8ms, 内存消耗: 400K, 提交时间: 2020-02-20 21:58:56

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
long long dp[21][4];
int x,m;
void init()
{
	dp[0][0]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<=20;i++)
	{
		for(int j=1;j<=3;j++)
		{
			dp[i][j]=dp[i][j]+dp[i-1][j-1];
			dp[i][0]=dp[i][0]+9*dp[i-1][j-1];
		}
		dp[i][3]=dp[i][3]+10*dp[i-1][3];
	}
}
int main()
{
	init();
	int T;
	cin>>T;
	while(T--)
	{
		scanf("%d",&x);
		for(m=3;dp[m][3]<x;m++);//第x个魔鬼数有m位
		for(int i=m,k=0;i;i--)//试填第i位,末尾已有k个6
		{
			for(int j=0;j<=9;j++)//从小到大枚举第i位填的数字j
			{
				long long cnt=dp[i-1][3];//求出后面的i-1位有多少种填法能让整个数是魔鬼数
				if(j==6||k==3)
					for(int l=max(3-k-(j==6),0);l<3;l++)
						cnt=cnt+dp[i-1][l];
				if(cnt<x)
					x=x-cnt;//如果cnt比n小,说明第n个魔鬼数的第i位应该比j更大
				else//否则第i位应该是j 
				{
					if(k<3)
					{
						if(j==6)
							k++;
						else
							k=0;	
					}
					printf("%d",j);
					break;
				}	 
			} 
		} 
		cout<<endl; 
	}
	return 0;
}

C++11(clang++ 3.9) 解法, 执行用时: 5ms, 内存消耗: 412K, 提交时间: 2020-09-16 14:47:31

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll f[21][4];
int t,n,m;
void perwork(){
	f[0][0]=1;
	for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
			f[i+1][j+1]+=f[i][j];
			f[i+1][0]+=f[i][j]*9;
		}
		f[i+1][3]+=f[i][3]*10;
	}
}
int main(){
	perwork();
	cin>>t;
	while(t--){
		cin>>n;
		for(m=3;f[m][3]<n;m++);
		for(int i=m,k=0;i;i--){
			for(int j=0;j<=9;j++){
				ll cnt=f[i-1][3];
				if(j==6||k==3){
					for(int l=max(3-k-(j==6),0);l<3;l++){
						cnt+=f[i-1][l];
					}
				}
				if(cnt<n){
					n-=cnt;
				}else{
					if(k<3){
						if(j==6)  k++;
						else  k=0;
					}
					cout<<j;
					break;
				}
			}
		} 
		cout<<endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

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