C++11(clang++ 3.9) 解法, 执行用时: 4ms, 内存消耗: 484K, 提交时间: 2018-04-21 14:10:26

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int md[]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
bool leap(int y){
	return y%4==0&&y%100!=0||y%400==0;
}
int main(){
	int T;
	cin>>T;
	while(T--){
		int y,m,d;
		scanf("%d-%d-%d",&y,&m,&d);
		int cnt=0;
		if (m!=4&&d%10!=4&&y%10!=4)cnt++;
		if (leap(y))md[2]=29;
		while(y!=2018||m!=4||d!=21){
			d++;
			if (d>md[m])d=1,m++;
			if (m>12){m=1;y++;if(leap(y))md[2]=29;else md[2]=28;}
			if (m!=4&&d%10!=4&&y%10!=4)cnt++;
		}
		cout<<cnt<<endl;
	}
}

Java(javac 1.8) 解法, 执行用时: 304ms, 内存消耗: 34100K, 提交时间: 2018-04-21 17:47:38

import java.time.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in);
		int T = cin.nextInt();
		while(cin.hasNext()) {
			String str = cin.next();
			LocalDate time = LocalDate.parse(str);
			int cnt=0;
			while(time.toString().compareTo("2018-04-21")!=0) {
				String tmp = time.toString();
				if(!tmp.contains("4")) cnt++;
				time = time.plusDays(1);
			}
			System.out.println(cnt);
		}
		cin.close();
	}
}

Python(2.7.3) 解法, 执行用时: 311ms, 内存消耗: 2912K, 提交时间: 2018-04-21 15:39:37

import datetime
T=int(raw_input())
now=datetime.datetime(2018,4,21)
for i in range(T):
    y,m,d=map(int,raw_input().split("-"))
    date=datetime.datetime(y,m,d)
    sum=0
    while date<=now:
        y=set(str(date.year))
        m=set(str(date.month))
        d=set(str(date.day))
        l=y|m|d
        if '4'  not in l:
            sum+=1
        date+=datetime.timedelta(days=1)
    print(sum)

  
   

Python3(3.5.2) 解法, 执行用时: 111ms, 内存消耗: 5212K, 提交时间: 2018-04-21 17:43:16

import time
import datetime

T = int(input())
for i in range(T):
	a = input('')
	t = time.strptime(a,"%Y-%m-%d")
	year,month,day = t[0:3]
	x = datetime.date(year,month,day)
	y = datetime.date(2018,4,21)
	dd = (y-x).days + 1
	delta = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
	cnt = 0
	while x <= y:
		if '4' in str(x.year)+str(x.month)+str(x.day):
			cnt += 1
		x += delta

	print(dd-cnt)