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WY7. 地牢逃脱

描述

给定一个 n 行 m 列的地牢,其中 '.' 表示可以通行的位置,'X' 表示不可通行的障碍,牛牛从 (x0 , y0 ) 位置出发,遍历这个地牢,和一般的游戏所不同的是,他每一步只能按照一些指定的步长遍历地牢,要求每一步都不可以超过地牢的边界,也不能到达障碍上。地牢的出口可能在任意某个可以通行的位置上。牛牛想知道最坏情况下,他需要多少步才可以离开这个地牢。

输入描述

每个输入包含 1 个测试用例。每个测试用例的第一行包含两个整数 n 和 m(1 <= n, m <= 50),表示地牢的长和宽。接下来的 n 行,每行 m 个字符,描述地牢,地牢将至少包含两个 '.'。接下来的一行,包含两个整数 x0, y0,表示牛牛的出发位置(0 <= x0 < n, 0 <= y0 < m,左上角的坐标为 (0, 0),出发位置一定是 '.')。之后的一行包含一个整数 k(0 < k <= 50)表示牛牛合法的移动方式的数量,接下来的 k 行,每行两个整数 dx, dy 表示每次可选择移动的行和列步长(-50 <= dx, dy <= 50)

输出描述

输出一行一个数字表示最坏情况下需要多少次移动可以离开地牢,如果永远无法离开,输出 -1。以下测试用例中,牛牛可以上下左右移动,在所有可通行的位置.上,地牢出口如果被设置在右下角,牛牛想离开需要移动的次数最多,为3次。

示例1

输入:

3 3
...
...
...
0 1
4
1 0
0 1
-1 0
0 -1

输出:

3

原站题解

C 解法, 执行用时: 2ms, 内存消耗: 356KB, 提交时间: 2018-10-16

#include<stdio.h>
struct node {
	int x;
	int y;
	int step;
};
int main() {
	struct node que[2501];
	int n, m, x0, y0, k, i, j, next[51][2], head, tail, book[51][51] = { 0 }, tx, ty,result;
	char a[51][51];
	scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			scanf("%s", a[i]);
	}
	scanf("%d %d", &x0, &y0);
	scanf("%d", &k);
	for (i = 0; i < k; i++) {
		scanf("%d %d", &next[i][0], &next[i][1]);
	}
	head = 1;
	tail = 1;
	que[tail].x = x0;
	que[tail].y = y0;
	que[tail].step = 0;
	tail++;
	book[x0][y0] = 1;
	while (head < tail) {
		for (i = 0; i < k; i++) {
			tx = que[head].x + next[i][0];
			ty = que[head].y + next[i][1];
			if (tx<0||ty<0||tx >= n || ty >= m || a[tx][ty] == 'X') {
				continue;
			}
			if (a[tx][ty] == '.'&&book[tx][ty] == 0) {
				que[tail].x = tx;
				que[tail].y = ty;
				que[tail].step = que[head].step + 1;
				tail++;
				book[tx][ty] = 1;
			}
		}
		head++;
	}
	result = que[tail-1].step;
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j < m; j++) {
			if (book[i][j] == 0 && a[i][j] == '.') {
				result = -1;
			}
		}
	}
	printf("%d", result);
}

C 解法, 执行用时: 2ms, 内存消耗: 376KB, 提交时间: 2020-09-23

#include <stdio.h>
struct node
{
    int x;
    int y;
    int step;
};
int main()
{
   struct node que[2501];
    int n,m,x0,y0,k,i,j,next[51][2],head,tail,book[51][51] = {0},tx,ty,result;
    char a[51][51];
    scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    {
        scanf("%s",a[i]);
    }
    scanf("%d %d", &x0, &y0);
    scanf("%d", &k);
    for(i=0; i<k; i++)
    {
        scanf("%d %d", &next[i][0],&next[i][1]);
    }
    head = 1;
    tail = 1;
    que[tail].x = x0;
    que[tail].y = y0;
    que[tail].step = 0;
    tail++;
    book[x0][y0] = 1;
    while(head < tail)
    {
        for(i=0; i<k; i++)
        {
            tx = que[head].x + next[i][0];
            ty = que[head].y + next[i][1];
            if(tx<0||ty<0||tx>=n||ty>=m||a[tx][ty]=='X')
            {
                continue;
            }
            if(a[tx][ty]=='.' && book[tx][ty] == 0)
            {
                que[tail].x = tx;
                que[tail].y = ty;
                que[tail].step = que[head].step+1;
                tail++;
                book[tx][ty] = 1;
            }
        }
        head ++;
    }
     result = que[tail-1].step;
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        for(j=0;j<m;j++)
        {
            if(book[i][j] == 0 && a[i][j]=='.')
            {
                result = -1;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("%d", result);
}

C++ 解法, 执行用时: 2ms, 内存消耗: 408KB, 提交时间: 2021-10-16

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int n, m;
    while(cin >> n >> m)
    {
        char c1;
        vector<vector<int>> matrix(n,vector<int>(m));
        int sum = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            {
                cin >> c1;
                if(c1 == '.')
                {
                    matrix[i][j] = 0;
                    sum ++;
                }
                else
                {
                    matrix[i][j] = 1;
                }
                    
            }
        }
        //cout << " sum = " << sum << endl;
        int x0, y0;
        cin >> x0 >> y0;
        int k;
        cin >> k;
        vector<vector<int>> dir(k,vector<int>(2));
        for(int i = 0; i < k; i++)
        {
            int dx, dy;
            cin >> dx >> dy;
            dir[i] = {dx,dy};
        }
        queue<pair<int,int>> q;
        queue<int> lvs;
        q.push({x0,y0});
        lvs.push(0);
        int level = 0;
        sum --;
        matrix[x0][y0] = 1;
        while(!q.empty())
        {
            auto [curr_x,curr_y] = q.front();
            q.pop();
            level = lvs.front();
            lvs.pop();
            for(int i = 0; i < k; i++)
            {
                int next_x, next_y; 
                next_x = curr_x + dir[i][0];
                next_y = curr_y + dir[i][1];
                if(next_x >= 0 && next_x < n && next_y>=0 && next_y < m && matrix[next_x][next_y] == 0)
                {
                    q.push({next_x,next_y});
                    lvs.push(level+1);
                    matrix[next_x][next_y] = 1;
                    sum--;
                }
                
            }
            
            
        }
        //cout << "result sum " << sum << endl;
        if(sum > 0) level = -1;
        cout << level << endl;
        
    }
}

C++ 解法, 执行用时: 2ms, 内存消耗: 420KB, 提交时间: 2021-09-13

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std; 

int main() {
	int n, m;
	cin>>n>>m;
	vector<string> vm(n);
	for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
		cin>>vm[i];
	}
	int x0, y0;
	cin>>x0>>y0;
	int k;
	cin>>k;
	vector<pair<int, int> > vp(k);
	for(int i=0;i<k;i++){
		cin>>vp[i].first>>vp[i].second;
	}
	vector<vector<int> > vis(n, vector<int>(m));
	queue<pair<int, int> > q;
	q.push(pair<int, int>(x0, y0));
	vis[x0][y0] = 1;
	while(!q.empty()){
		int tx= q.front().first, ty = q.front().second;
		q.pop();
		for(int i=0;i<k;i++){
			int sx = tx+vp[i].first, sy = ty+vp[i].second;
			if(sx>=0&&sx<n&&sy>=0&&sy<m&&vis[sx][sy]==0&&vm[sx][sy]=='.'){
				vis[sx][sy] = vis[tx][ty] + 1;
				q.push(pair<int, int>(sx, sy));
			}
		}
	}
	int maxStep=0;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<m;j++){
			if(vm[i][j]=='.'){
				if(vis[i][j]==0){
					cout<<-1;
					return 0;
				}
				maxStep = max(maxStep, vis[i][j]);				
			}
		}
	}
	cout<<maxStep-1;
	return 0;
}

C 解法, 执行用时: 2ms, 内存消耗: 480KB, 提交时间: 2019-02-20

#include<stdio.h>
struct node {
    int x;
    int y;
    int step;
};
int main() {
    struct node que[2501];
    int n, m, x0, y0, k, i, j, next[51][2], head, tail, book[51][51] = { 0 }, tx, ty,result;
    char a[51][51];
    scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            scanf("%s", a[i]);
    }
    scanf("%d %d", &x0, &y0);
    scanf("%d", &k);
    for (i = 0; i < k; i++) {
        scanf("%d %d", &next[i][0], &next[i][1]);
    }
    head = 1;
    tail = 1;
    que[tail].x = x0;
    que[tail].y = y0;
    que[tail].step = 0;
    tail++;
    book[x0][y0] = 1;
    while (head < tail) {
        for (i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            tx = que[head].x + next[i][0];
            ty = que[head].y + next[i][1];
            if (tx<0||ty<0||tx >= n || ty >= m || a[tx][ty] == 'X') {
                continue;
            }
            if (a[tx][ty] == '.'&&book[tx][ty] == 0) {
                que[tail].x = tx;
                que[tail].y = ty;
                que[tail].step = que[head].step + 1;
                tail++;
                book[tx][ty] = 1;
            }
        }
        head++;
    }
    result = que[tail-1].step;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            if (book[i][j] == 0 && a[i][j] == '.') {
                result = -1;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("%d", result);
}

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